UTILIZATION OF VOICE ANALYSIS METHOD IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS
Keywords:
crime, voice analysis, forensic expertise, identification.Abstract
Contemporary technological and educational achievements enable the emergence and development of completely new identification methods based on individual physical characteristics of persons. Today, forensic voice identification is a powerful tool in the fight against crime, in situations where it is necessary to identify a suspect or to acquit an innocent person. Just as there are no two identical fingerprints, two identical retinas, or two identical handwritings, there are no two identical voices. Based on 20-30 seconds of effective speech, forensic experts can perform a voice expertise and identify with high reliability whether a particular voice belongs to a particular person. Comprehensive analysis results in a large amount of data, so by using the statistical analysis method, the necessary forensic markers for forming the final expert opinion are obtained. In this type of expertise, interdisciplinary approach is applied in which several scientific disciplines are included - linguistics, phonetics, acoustics, speech-language therapy, psychology, mathematical statistics, law and criminalistics. It is not only the voice of the speaker that undergoes a detailed analysis, but also the speech on the whole. This means that not only the voice quality (loudness, pitch, harshness, nasality), but also the characteristics of language (Morphology, Semantics, Syntax and Lexis) are examined.
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