INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR DAMAGE COMPENSATION FOR UNJUSTIFIED CONVICTION AND ILL-FOUNDED DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY
Keywords:
damage compensation, unjustified conviction, ill-founded deprivation of liberty, European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental FreedomsAbstract
Design/Methods/Approach: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 10 December 1948 did not provide as human right the right to compensation for unjustified conviction or ill-founded arrest. The right to compensation is also contained in Article 5 paragraph 5 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Having incorporated the Convention into the domestic legal system (Article II/2 of the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina), Bosnia and Herzegovina is obliged to pay fair compensation in case of violation of the law or Article 5 itself. Many countries have acted in a similar way, whether through direct application or adoption. General scientific methods and method of documentary content analysis have been used in the research.
Purpose: the aim of the paper is to present the latest case law of the Constitutional Court of BiH and the European Court of Human Rights in the context of the right to compensation of damage for unjustly convicted persons and persons ill-foundedly deprived of liberty.
Findings: this right has an important role in strengthening democracy, the rule of law and the protection and affirmation of human rights and fundamental freedoms. The rule of law guarantees the definition of institutional forms of protection. It affirms the dignity of the individual. Efficient protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms is of the utmost importance for Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Originality/Value: the history of the institution of damage compensation for unjustified conviction and ill-founded deprivation of liberty is its constant expansion. It is a matter of subjective and public law: subjective because it is related to the affected person, and public because it is not in the interest of the state that an innocent citizen is convicted, or unjustifiably arrested, detained or in any way deprived of his liberty.
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